LYMPHATIC SYSTEM NOTES-CHAPTER 6- HAP 1- SEMESTER 1- B.PHARM PDF NOTES & REVIEW QUESTIONS FREE DOWNLOAD

UNIT-III:- (CONTENT)

CHPTER 6:- LYMPATIC SYSTEM

• Lymphatic organs and tissues, lymphatic vessels, lymph circulation and functions of lymphatic system.

CHECK OUT:- LYMPHATIC SYSTEM PDF NOTES FREE DOWNLOAD

CHAPTER 5:- Body Fluids and Blood

Body fluids, composition and functions of blood, Hemopoeisis, formation of hemoglobin, anemia, mechanisms of coagulation, blood grouping, Rh factors, transfusion, its significance and disorders of blood, Reticulo endothelial system.

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DEFINITIONS TO REMEMBER:-

• LYMPH --A colorless interstitial fluid, similar to blood except RBCs. It is rich in lymphocytes and is concerned with the defense of the body against infection.
• LACTEALS--Lymph vessels in the villi of small intestine. They are concerned with the absorption.
• LYMPHOCYTE--Agranulocyte (modified WBCS) with rounded or kidney-shaped nucleus. It is rich antibodies to fight infection.
• LYMPH NODE--Area of lymphatic system which produces antibodies.
• RETICULOENDOTHELIAL--A part of the tissue system of all the organs Its cells are highly prolific and capable of acting as phagocytes.
• CRYPTS--Subcellular spaces in the surface tissue of tonsils.
• TRABECULAE--Subcellular or surface depressions in the outermost cellular covering of tonsils.
• PEYER'S PATCHES--Numerous nodes of lymphatic tissue present in the bases of the villi of intestine. They fight infection.

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REVISION HIGHLIGHTS:-

1 All the tissues of the body are bathed in a tissue fluid other than the blood. It called lymphatic fluid. It is distributed through capillaries of lymphatic system.

2. The composition of lymph is similar to blood plasma but the concentration of constituents is different.

3. The lymphatic system consists of 

    (i)Lymph vessels

    (ii) Lymph nodes and lymphatic tissue

    (iii) Spleen

    (iv) Thymus gland

4. In addition to vessels, lymph continues to pass through lymph nodes at several places in the body. 5. The lymphatic fluid passes through or drains through nearly 8-10 lymph nodes before returning to blood.

6. Each lymph node is a type of filter consisting of reticular and lymphoid tissue. The lymphocytes (phagocytes) present in it destroy or engulf substances like worn out tissue, dead cells, inhaled harmful particles, microbe cells, from malignant tumors and other such particulate matter. 

7. When their workload increases, the lymph nodes may enlarge temporarily or permanently.

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REVIEW QUESTIONS:-

                            CHPTER 6:- LYMPATIC SYSTEM

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:-

1. The lymphatic fluid is: 

(A) Brownish

(b) Pinkish

(c) Colourless 

(d) Bluish

2. One of the following is not a lymphatic organ:

(a) Pancreas 

(b) Spleen 

(c) Tonsils

(d) Thymus

3. The thoracic duct of the lymphatic system pours its contents into the:

(a) Aorta

(b) Subclavian vein

(c) Internal jugular veins 

(d) Right auricle

4. The lymphatic fluid is

(a) Alkaline

(b) Acidic

(c) Neutral

(d) Partially acidic and partially alkaline.

5. The lymphatic fluid returning from small intestine is rich in : 

(a) Proteins

(b) Calcium

(c) Phosphorous

(d) Fats

6. Trabeculae in the lymph nodes are formed of:

(A) Lymphocytes

(b) Fibrous tissue

(c) Blood vessels

(d) Lymphatic vessels

7. The structures of the lymphatic system present in the intestine are called :

(a) Mucosa

(b) Villi

(c) Chyle

(d) Lacteals 

8. Spleen is called a "graveyard" of the :

(a) Erythrocytes

(b) Leucocytes

(c) Lymphocytes

(d) Osteocytes

9. "Crypts" are present in the tissue of_____.

(a) Thymus

(b) Tonsils

(c) Spleen

(d) Reticulo-endothelial system.

10. Lymphatic fluid is rich in :

(a) Iron

(b) Antibodies

(c) Neutrophils

(d) Basophils.

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✓ FILL IN THE BLANKS:-

1. In the lymphatic system the cells of the______ system have great power of multiplication.

2 The primary function of lymph nodes is the production______. 

3. Lacteals are concerned with the absorption of______. 

4. The largest vessel of the lymphatic system that pours its products into the left subclavian vessel is called______.

5. Lymph is a fluid concerned with the______ of the body against external infection.

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✓ SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:-

1. Draw a diagram to show the internal structure of a lymph node (gland). 

2. Write a note on Reticuloendothelial system.

3. Write the functions of spleen.

4. Explain the relationships between blood and lymph.

5. Give functions of lymph glands (nodes).

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LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS:- 

1. Write the functions of lymphatic system. How it differs from blood circulatory system? 

2. Write an essay on lymphatic system.

3. Write notes on :

        1. Spleen 

        2. Reticuloendothelial system 

        3. Lymph nodes 

        4. Thymus gland 

        5. Lymph

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ANSWER TO MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:-

1. (c)        2. (a)        3. (b)        4. (a)        5. (d)

6. (b)        7. (d)        8. (a)        9. (b)        10. (b)

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ANSWERS TO FILL IN THE BLANKS:-

1. Reticuloedothelial 

2. Lymphocytes

3. Fat

4. Thoracic duct.

5. Defense

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