Semester 4 || B.pharm Semester 4 Simplified Notes
Subjects in SEMESTER IV:-
BP401T - Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry III–Theory
BP402T- Medicinal Chemistry I–Theory
BP403T- Physical Pharmaceutics II–Theory
BP404T- Pharmacology I–Theory
BP405T- Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry I–Theory
BP406P- Medicinal Chemistry I–Practical
BP407P- Physical Pharmaceutics II–Practical
BP408P- Pharmacology I–Practical
BP409P- Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry I–Practical
1. PHARMACEUTICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY –III:
There is always more to learn when it comes to chemistry in pharmaceutical field. Pharmaceutical organic Chemistry-I and Pharmaceutical Organic chemistry-II in Semester 2 and Semester 3 respectively forms a solid base to understand more in depth in Semester 4. Until Now we must have studied only about 2D structure of the pharmaceutical molecules in Pharmaceutical organic chemistry course but that will change when it comes to Organic chemistry-III.
Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry-III focuses more about the stereochemistry of the molecules indeed it will be studied in imagination only. For example:-repulsive forces in between two molecules etc. so it all works on our imaginations. We imagine the pharmaceutical structures in 3D point of view to study the Bonds, rotations, energies involved in it.
According to PCI, "Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry-III imparts knowledge on stereo-chemical aspects of organic compounds and organic reactions, important named reactions, chemistry of important hetero cyclic compounds. It also emphasizes on medicinal and other uses of organic compounds".
Study Tips:-
Rule No 1 :- The required things to crack this subject is understanding and Imagining the structures. Don't just study and go, Study again and again till you understand what is happening in that molecule. Refer 3D images of the molecule in this Website.
Rule No 2 :- Don't byheart chemistry, practice chemistry. Best way to score more in this subject would be looking at the structures everyday. Practice the structures, write it down on a paper and look at it every morning.
2. MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY – I:
Unlike Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Inorganic chemistry, medicinal chemistry is all about the chemistry of already existing medicines in the market. We will be studying about the chemical structures, mechanism of actions (MOA), Adverse effects (ADR) and how chemical structures influences the whole actions and stability of the Medicine. This makes the subject nightmare to students.
To be honest, it's really not easy to remember all the Rangoli (chemical) structures in mind if you study day before the exam. And I can assure no way in the industry they gonna help you until unless you do some research on it to synthesis new chemical molecule or drug out of it. So this the the nightmare for the students who want to just pass and a golden opportunity for those who wants to go more in their life. So focus according to that.
Study Tips:-
Rule no 1:- One day before exam preparation never works well for this subject. Will feel like you studied the whole course and at the same time will feel empty about it. It will just evaporate if you don't practice it.
Rule no 2:- Honesty there is nothing much to understand from already existing chemical structure. Got to byheart the main nucleus structure to write remaining structures of the same category.
Rule no 3:- Don't byheart each and every chemical structure, practice the main nucleus structure and learn to derive remaining structures out of it. Best way to score more in this subject would be looking at the structures everyday. Practice the structures, write it down on a paper and look at it every morning.
CLICK TO CHECK OUT:-
UNIT 1:-
UNIT 2:-
UNIT 3:-
UNIT 4:-
REFERENCE BOOKS
3. PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS-II :
Basically pharmaceutics department deals with the preparation of Pharmaceutical formulations. Physical pharmaceutics course comes under pharmaceutics department and gives idea about how a formulations are made. It simplifies the inside mechanism happening in every formulation. It serves as base for the synthesis of new pharmaceutical formulations by briefing all the physics involved in Pharmaceutical formulations. Following Physical pharmaceutics-I in the 3rd semester, Physical Pharmaceutics-II is introduced to complete the formulation mechanisms involved in all Pharmaceutical formulations.
Physics in Pharmaceutical formulations = Physical Pharmaceutics
Subject concepts are interesting if the students are really into the Physics logics and concepts. According to PCI, " Physical Pharmaceutics-II deals with the various physical and physicochemical properties, and principles involved in dosage forms/formulations. Theory and practical components of the subject help the student to get a better insight into various areas of formulation research and development, and stability studies of pharmaceutical dosage forms".
4. PHARMACOLOGY-I :
Every drug is designed in such a way that it reaches the target site in the body effectively without any serious side effects. Drugs follow different mechanisms in the body to reach the target site and also to leave the body. Pharmacology subject explains about the mechanism followed by each category drug and also point outs the reason behind the arise of side effects from the drugs. Basically pharmacology clarifies the Human body attempt to maintain Homeostasis and how the drugs help to achieve it easily.
Understanding these mechanism in the body helps to determine highly effective and safe innovative drugs to the life threating diseases. Pharmacology department also involves in drug studies on animals which is a crucial part for any drug to get approval from the regulatory body of India.
According to PCI, "The main purpose of the Pharmacology-II is to understand what drugs do to the living organisms and how their effects can be applied to therapeutics. The subject covers the information about the drugs like, mechanism of action, physiological and biochemical effects (pharmacodynamics) as well as absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (pharmacokinetics) along with the adverse effects, clinical uses, interactions, doses, contraindications and routes of administration of different classes of drugs".
Study Tips:- Pharmacology is vast subject and it always got something to learn out of it. So covering all the potion day before the exam won't work much.
Rule No 1:- Keep a track of finished drugs and their mechanisms. Connect drug mechanisms appropriately with body system to remember them easily for the disease they are treated.
Rule No 2:- Give much notice to the images which contains mechanism flow chart and try collecting them or making them for reference.
CLICK TO CHECK OUT:-
UNIT 1 & 2:-
UNIT 3:-
UNIT 4 & 5:-
5. PHARMACOGNOSY AND PHYTOCHEMISTRY-I:
Ayurvedhic systems are the first medicinal systems which used the concept of using medicines to treat the deficiencies and diseases in the body. After many decades Allopathic system of medicines are introduced to make the process effective and quick which comes with side effects.
Things may change and all the processes might speed up but still agriculture will be our major source for food and medicinal plants will be major source for medicines. Every plant on the earth plays some role in maintaining the human health which has to be studied in detailed to find them. What if I tell most of the plants in your neighborhood got the plant chemicals which can be used to treat many chronic and life threating disease.
Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry introduces the medicinal systems concepts and the uses of medicinal plants in treating diseases to students. Many medicines in the market are isolated from Plants chemicals called as phytochemicals and many are still under studies. Many pharmaceutical formulation developments starts with plants and hence this department knowledge is crucial at initial stages of the research and formulation development.
According to PCI, "The Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry-I involves the fundamentals of Pharmacognosy like scope, classification of crude drugs, their identification and evaluation, phytochemicals present in them and their
medicinal properties".Study Tips:-
Rule No 1:- This subject is more of byhearting and so plan the time according to your capabilities.
Rule No 2:- Create simple key terms or acronyms to remember the medicinal plants names easily.
Rule No 3:- Make an habit of revising everything after studies to crosscheck your grasp and memory power on it.
CLICK TO CHECK OUT:-
UNIT 1:-
UNIT 2:-
UNIT 3:-
UNIT 4:-
REFERENCE BOOKS
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